Enjoy a rousing conversation with your Mac. Eliza will play the part of a psychologist, conducting an open-ended clinical interview. As the patient, you get opinions and advice on a wide range of subjects. Eliza has a large vocabulary and the ability to formulate a virtually unlimited number of responses.
Éand if you have AppleÕs new Speech Manager, you
can actually watch and listen as Eliza responds!
Eliza is also a versatile, multi-window, styled text editor, adept at formatting text for transfer to or from a BBS. Eliza is 32 bit clean, System 7 compatible, 68040 cache compatible, color compatible, virtual memory compatible, big screen compatible, Apple event aware and stationery aware. It recognizes extended keyboard keys. Keep a copy in your Apple menu and an alias on the desktop for drag-and-drop operations.
Eliza 4.1 is ShareWare. The registration fee is $5. Registered owners are entitled to a copy of the latest source code as well as on-line product support. (See the ÒRegistrationÓ instructions at the end of this manual.)
¥¥¥ Apple Menu ¥¥¥
¥ About ElizaÉ
This gives a few helpful hints for using Eliza. It also includes instructions on how to contact me for product registration, suggestions or bug reports.
¥¥¥ File Menu ¥¥¥
¥ New
This will open a new blank document window. Up to nine windows can be open simultaneously, depending on ElizaÕs memory allocation. (To increase ElizaÕs memory allocation, enter a new Òpreferred sizeÓ in the FinderÕs ÒGet InfoÉÓ dialog box. You will need to add about 50K per extra window.) The new window default font and size are set in the PreferencesÉ dialog.
¥ OpenÉ/Open AnyÉ
This will bring up the standard file selection dialog. Pick the TEXT document you wish to open. If you hold down the shift key while choosing this command, you will be allowed to open the data fork of any file, including non-TEXT files. If you open a TEXT document containing a ÔstylÕ resource (such as documents created by JoliWrite 3.0, Stylus, America Online 2.0 and Tex-Edit), the text will display style attributes (boldface, italics, color, size, etc.). I would discourage you from trying to open active System files, of course.
¥ Close/Close All
This will close the active window. (It is equivalent to clicking in the windowÕs close box.) You will be prompted to save any changes you may have made. If you hold down the shift key, the menu item changes to ÒClose AllÓ and all open document windows will be closed rapidly. Likewise, holding down the shift key while clicking in the close box will close all open windows rapidly.
¥ Save
This will save any changes you have made to the file in the active window. A standard file dialog will be displayed if your document is not yet associated with a disk file.
¥ Save AsÉ
This will bring up the standard file dialog for creation of a new text file on your disk. For System 7 users, there is a pop-up menu which allows you to choose the desired file format. ÒNormalÓ is the default styled Eliza format. ÒPlain TextÓ will create a Eliza document without any style information, thus saving a small amount of disk space (about 20%). ÒStationery PadÓ format creates a styled Eliza boiler-plate. This version of Eliza can also directly create TeachText, TeachText Read-Only, America Online and JoliWrite documents. To create another type of document, select the ÒOtherÉÓ option. This displays a dialog box which allows you to enter any 4-character creator code. Documents created using this last option lack all style information.
¥ Revert
This will revert to the last saved version of the file in the active window. All changes made since the last time the file was saved will be lost.
¥ Page Setup
This will display the standard Page Setup dialog allowing you to set certain characteristics for your printer.
¥ PrintÉ
This will display a Print Options dialog, which allows you to set the page margins (in inches). Two checkboxes let you choose whether or not you want double-spaced printouts or numbered pages. None of these choices affect the actual file or its window. When you select ÔOKÕ, you will see the standard Print dialog box, which allows you to specify number of copies, print quality, etc.
¥ PreferencesÉ
This dialog box allows you to customize several of ElizaÕs features. All preferences are stored in a ÒPrefsÓ file which is created the first time Eliza is run. The prefs file is usually stored in the System folder or Preferences folder (System 7).
1) Show ÒOpenÉÓ dialog at startup. If this is selected, when you first launch the Eliza application, you will be greeted with the standard file selection dialog instead of a new blank window.
2) Open window to full screen size. If this is selected, new windows will open up to fill the entire desktop. Otherwise, new windows will be slightly smaller than a 9 inch screen.
3) Smart (ÒÓ) quotes. If this is selected, typographer quotes will automatically be used whenever you hit the single or double quote key. You may wish to disable this feature if you are creating files to be sent to non-Mac systems.
4) Change file ÒcreatorÓ to:___ If this is selected, the 4 character creator code in the editable box will be used instead of ElizaÕs usual TBB5. This allows Eliza to create files that would be recognized as belonging to another application. (For example, Microsoft WordÕs creator is MSWD.) Documents created for other word processors in this manner do not contain a ÔstylÕ resource, thus decreasing the file size by about 20%. System 7 users can override this setting in the ÒSave AsÉÓ dialog box.
5) Tab creates ___ spaces. If this is selected, a tab key entered at the keyboard will result in the insertion of the chosen number of spaces into the text. This may be helpful to indent the first line of a paragraph (or create columns if you are using a mono-spaced font like Monaco).
6) Wrap text inside window. If this is selected, the horizontal scrollbar is disabled and all text automatically wraps inside the right side of the window. If this is deselected, the right margin is set at approximately 1500 pixels and the horizontal scrollbar becomes active. This should be useful if you are writing source code and wish long lines of text to stay on one line.
7) Smart cut and paste. If this is selected, Eliza will include the trailing space (if any) when cutting a word to the clipboard. If the selected word is followed by punctuation instead of a space (as is the case for the last word in a sentence) the leading space will be cut. Cutting a word from the middle of a sentence will thus leave only a single space, which is usually what you want. Subsequent paste operations will insert the word along with its trailing space. In most cases this will save two steps in the cut-and-paste cycle.
8) Default Font:___ This pop-up menu allows you to change ElizaÕs default font. The default font is used when a new window is created or when a generic text file is opened.
9) Default Size:___ This pop-up menu allows you to change ElizaÕs default font size. This size is used when a new window is created or when a generic text file is opened.
¥ Quit
This will close the Eliza application. You will be prompted to save any altered or unsaved open documents before Eliza quits.
¥¥¥ Edit Menu ¥¥¥
¥ Undo
Undo can reverse your most recent editing action or style change. After you undo something, it can be redone if desired. Undo does not work for the Replace and Modify functions.
¥ Cut
Cut will remove the current selection to the clipboard, making it available for pasting to Eliza or other programs. The clipboard holds the text as well as its ÔstylÕ information, making styled selections available to other programs that support standard Mac conventions.
¥ Copy
Copy will make a copy of the current text selection and place it in the clipboard.
¥ Paste
Paste will move a copy of the clipboard contents to the current insertion point, deleting any text which may be selected in the active window.
¥ Clear
Clear will erase the current text selection.
¥ Select All
All the text in the file will become hilited (selected).
¥ Paste Time
The current system time will be pasted at the insertion point. The clipboard is not affected. Use the ÒDate and TimeÓ control panel (7.1) to alter the format of the date and time to be pasted.
¥ Paste Date
The current system date will be pasted at the insertion point.
¥¥¥ Special Menu ¥¥¥
¥ Find/ReplaceÉ
This dialog lets you enter a text string for which to search. You may also enter a text string to use as a replacement when the search string is found. Selecting the ÒFindÓ button will hilite the first occurrence of the search string. (You may then use the ÒFind NextÓ or ÒReplace & Find AgainÓ menu commands.) If you push the ÒReplace AllÓ button, Eliza will replace all occurrences of the search string with the replacement string, then report how many replacements were made. ÒReplace AllÓ is not undo-able. The three small buttons labelled ÒCRÓ, ÒTabÓ and ÒLFÓ allow you to easily enter a carriage return, tab or linefeed character into the find string or replace string.
All searches start at the top of the document, unless you select the ÒStart search at cursor positionÓ option. The ÒCases must matchÓ option forces Eliza to look for exact matches. Turn this switch off if you wish case to be ignored. The ÒWhole words onlyÓ option will limit matches to distinct whole words (i.e. looking for ÔtheÕ will find ÔtheÕ but not ÔthemÕ).
¥ Find Again
This option becomes available once a match has been found. It allows you to keep searching down through the document looking for the next match.
¥ Replace & Find Again
This will replace the hilited word with the replacement string (from the ÒFind/ReplaceÉÓ dialog box) and continue searching for the next match.
¥ Enter Selection
This will copy the current text selection (up to 255 characters) into the ÒFind/ReplaceÉÓ dialog box. This text will thus be used for the next ÒFind AgainÓ command.
¥ Change Case
If some text is hilited (selected), this submenu gives you a choice of various case-changing commands. You may change all the selected text to uppercase, lowercase, title case or sentence case. (Title case capitalizes the first letter of each word and sentence case capitalizes the first letter of each sentence.) Only the hilited text is affected.
¥ Strip LFÕs
This option removes all linefeeds from the text. Linefeeds show up as useless little boxes at the start of each line. They are inserted by MS-DOS text editors to handle line wrap, but they are not needed on the Mac.
¥ CRÕs -> LFÕs
This option converts all carriage returns in the active document into linefeeds. This is useful for some UNIX systems which use the linefeed character to terminate paragraphs.
¥ ModifyÉ
This dialog box allows you to globally change special characters in the text. If some text is selected, only that hilited text is affected by these changes. None of these changes are undo-able:
1) Strip foreign control characters. If this is selected, Eliza will delete all non-Mac control characters. Specifically, it will delete all characters with an ASCII value less than 32 (except for tabs, carriage returns and linefeeds). Control characters usually show up as useless little boxes scattered through the text.
2) Convert tabs to ___ spaces. If this is selected, all the tab characters in the text will be replaced with however many space characters you specify. This is useful for aligning columns, since Eliza is unable to directly handle tab characters.
3) Quotes. The two available choices allow you to replace all ordinary quote marks with typographer quote marks or visa versa. Note that most BBSÕs and MS-DOS systems donÕt recognize these ÒsmartÓ quotes.
4) Ligatures. The two available choices allow you to replace all occurrences of ÒfiÓ and ÒflÓ with the single-character typographer ligatures or visa versa. Note that some fonts do not have these ligatures installed, thus producing ugly little boxes. As with the smart quotes, ligatures are usually not recognized by less intelligent computer systems.
5) Line Endings. These various choices allow you to change your fileÕs line formatting. In a Mac editor (like Eliza), line endings are determined by Òword-wrapÓ and carriage returns are only used to end paragraphs. Non-Mac systems usually end each line with a carriage return (or more likely a carriage return/linefeed combination). You can use ÒStrip CR/LFÓ to convert the text to Mac-formatted word wrapping text.
Alternately, you can force carriage returns (or carriage return/linefeeds) at the end of each line. In this case, you need to specify the number of characters per line. This will allow those with non-Mac systems to easily read your uploaded text files.
¥ Go To Line #É
This command displays a dialog that lets you jump to any line in the active document. The desired line is hilited and scrolled into view. This option is most helpful if you de-select ÒWrap text inside windowÓ (Preferences dialog).
¥ Word CountÉ
This command shows the word count, line count and character count for the active document.
¥¥¥ Font Menu ¥¥¥
The font menu lists all the fonts available to Eliza. The current selectionÕs font is checked.
¥¥¥ Size Menu ¥¥¥
The size menu lists a selection of common font sizes. The current selectionÕs font size is checked.
¥ Smaller
This decrements the current selectionÕs font size by one point (2 points minimum), redrawing the selected text if necessary. The command keys are an easy shortcut for quickly changing font size.
¥ Larger
This increments the current selectionÕs font size by one point (127 points maximum), redrawing the selected text if necessary.
¥ Other(_)É
This command brings up a dialog which allows you to select any point size between 2 and 127 by simply entering that value in the edit box (or using the arrow buttons). A sample of the currently selected textÕs font and size is displayed interactively.
¥¥¥ Style Menu ¥¥¥
This is a standard style menu with the addition of color and justification submenus. You may change the selectionÕs color in the same manner as you change its other style attributes. Of course, the color only shows up on your printout if you have a color printer. The justification setting (left, center or right justified) affects how the entire document is displayed and printed, but does not alter the fileÕs contents.
¥¥¥ Eliza Menu ¥¥¥
¥ Start Interview
This command will initiate the conversation between you and Eliza (a.k.a. Mac). First, you will be asked to enter your name. Then Eliza will guide you through the deepest recesses of your soul, in search of true inner peace and harmony. In other words, it will display a statement or question and then wait for you to type your response. Follow each sentence with a carriage return. Please enter your response at the end of the text. Of course, it helps if you use English and only enter a single sentence at a time. Eliza works best when you avoid terse responses and really try to Òopen upÓ.
This command changes to ÒStop InterviewÓ while Eliza is active. It will cause Eliza to bring the session to a close.
¥ Demo
This command is unimplemented.
¥ Read Starting At Cursor
This command will cause the active window to be read aloud starting at the current cursor position (or the end of the current selection, if some text is selected). Speech then continues until the end of the document is reached or ÒStop ReadingÓ is chosen.
¥ Read Selection
If some text is selected, this command will read it aloud. It can be stopped or paused as desired.
¥ Pause/Resume
If text is being read aloud, this will allow you to temporarily pause or restart the reading session.
¥ Turn Speech On/Off
This command activates the Speech Manager system. It must be selected before any other speech-related commands are usable. While Eliza is speaking, the face at the top of the window will become animated. (If you enter text at the end of the document followed by a control-return, the entered line of text will be spoken if speech is on.)
¥ Speech SettingsÉ
This command brings up a dialog which allows you to modify some of Speech ManagerÕs speech characteristics. The ÒVoice:Ó pop-up menu lists all the voice resources currently available to your system. Selecting a voice will adjust the pitch and rate to that voiceÕs default setting. Try experimenting with different rates and pitches to get the most pleasing results. The ÒSampleÓ button will cause a sample sentence to be read aloud.
¥¥¥ Windows Menu ¥¥¥
This is a standard windows menu, listing all documents which are currently open. Choose the window you wish to activate. This duplicates the action of clicking on a window in the background to bring it to the front. The currently active window is checked. Command key shortcuts are displayed.
¥¥¥ Miscellaneous ¥¥¥
¥ Requirements
Eliza requires a Mac or Mac-compatible running System 6.0.7 or better. (I assume it will work with 6.0.3 or better, however I cannot easily test that assumption.) To use the speech facility, you need to copy AppleÕs Speech Manager extension (along with any desired voices) into the Extensions Folder and re-boot. You may also use PlainTalk, if desired. The old Macintalk is no longer supported. Eliza runs fine without the Speech Manager.
¥ Extended Keyboards
Eliza makes full use of AppleÕs extended keyboard including the forward delete, home, end, page up, page down and cursor keys. The escape key can be used to cancel any dialog box (just like command-period).
¥ Other Features
Eliza is 32 bit clean, stationery aware, Apple event aware, System 7 compatible, MultiFinder compatible, color compatible, big screen compatible, 68040 cache compatible and adheres to all of AppleÕs interface guidelines (as best I can tell). Undo is implemented for most functions and balloon help is available (under System 7). If you triple click on a sentence, the entire sentence will be selected. Shift click on a close box to close all windows. Hold down the shift key during cursor key movements to extend a selection.
¥ File Formats
Eliza saves its documents in a format which can be read by any text editor or word processor (type ÔTEXTÕ). It saves the style information (font, size, color, boldface, etc.) in the fileÕs resource fork. Since this style information is ignored by other text editors, they are unable to display anything other than plain text when editing ElizaÕs files. When Eliza re-opens a file which has been altered by another editor, all the style information will be gone, unless the other text editor also stores the documentÕs style information in the resource fork. For example, America Online 2.0, JoliWrite 3.0, Tex-Edit and Stylus create styled text files which can be easily opened by Eliza with all style information intact! (Eliza scans the document file for a resource of type ÔstylÕ. The first one it finds is used to style the text. If the document is using ÔstylÕ resources for some other purpose, the text will look funny.)
Eliza can create styled America Online 2.0 and JoliWrite 3.0 documents (if you are using System 7). In order to move a styled Eliza document into another word processor without losing style information, you can use the clipboard to copy and paste the entire document. (A couple expensive word processors apparently do not support AppleÕs standard clipboard formats and may lose the ÔstylÕ information. Go figureÉ)
Eliza can open any ÔTEXTÕ document (up to 32K) and can also display the data fork of any other file. Eliza can correctly open stationery pad documents.
¥ Limitations
Eliza is limited to 32K text files. This is due mainly to the authorÕs decision to keep the code as small and fast as possible. For the same reason, Eliza does not deal directly with tab characters or graphics. Eliza only allows nine documents to be open at once (regardless of memory allocation), because any more confuses the Windows menu (and would be silly).
¥ Registration
Eliza 4.1 is ShareWare. The registration fee is $5 (US). (Outside the US, you may send an appropriate amount of your local currency, if you are unable to obtain US currency.) Please send your registration fee to:
Tom Bender
5313 Beverly Drive
San Angelo, Texas 76904
¥ Source Code
Registered users may obtain a copy of the THINK Pascal source code by sending a disk and a self-addressed, stamped envelope to the above address. The source code is intended for your personal use.
¥ On-Line Support
If you have questions, suggestions or bug reports, you can also reach me via modem:
America Online: TomBB
¥ Other Products
Please also try Tex-Edit, Re-Pete and Azile, hopefully available on a BBS near you!
